'Tech is now regulated like financial services': Figma's international legal head Jonathan Keen on AI, expansion and EU red tape
Jonathan Keen on running legal at a hypergrowth tech company and navigating a rapidly evolving regulatory landscape.
Contents
As the international legal lead at Figma, Jonathan Keen has a front row seat to one of the fastest-scaling SaaS businesses in the world. Based in London, Keen runs legal across all regions outside the Americas - covering EMEA, APAC and Japan - for the design platform now used by thousands of companies globally.
"It’s hard because given how generalist the practice is, there is no typical day", Keen tells us in a conversation for The Non-Billable Podcast. "I try to break down my day into time zones… early morning for APAC, mid-day for EMEA, and late afternoons for the US."
The global scope means he's juggling everything from strategic enterprise negotiations to regulatory discussions with governments and advising on international expansion. "It’s been intense", he admits. "But you get the experience of kind of double the actual real-world time, I think, by condensing in so much."
Listen to the full-length interview on the podcast. Episode page with links here.
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Inside Figma’s legal team
Figma’s meteoric growth has shaped a legal team that has to move fast without cutting corners. "We are a platform solution. We have one mode of operation that serves all of our customers. We are not an on-premise tool", Keen explains. "It’s making sure that our commitments reflect that."
When it comes to big strategic contracts - particularly with public sector clients - Keen tries to avoid deals that "require an abnormal operation or process to be created just to service that one client", as he believes they can lead to complexity the business can’t afford at scale. Â
As part of managing the complexity, he has developed a hybrid approach: "What works in the US or the UK won’t necessarily work elsewhere. And I think by giving a little, you also build trust."
Law Firm | Trainee First Year | Trainee Second Year | Newly Qualified (NQ) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Addleshaw Goddard | £52,000 | £56,000 | £100,000 |
| Akin Gump | £60,000 | £65,000 | £174,418 |
| A&O Shearman | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Ashurst | £57,000 | £62,000 | £140,000 |
| Baker McKenzie | £56,000 | £61,000 | £140,000 |
| Bird & Bird | £47,000 | £52,000 | £98,000 |
| Bristows | £46,000 | £50,000 | £88,000 |
| Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner | £50,000 | £55,000 | £115,000 |
| Burges Salmon | £47,000 | £49,000 | £72,000 |
| Charles Russell Speechlys | £50,000 | £53,000 | £88,000 |
| Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton | £57,500 | £62,500 | £164,500 |
| Clifford Chance | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Clyde & Co | £47,000 | £49,500 | £85,000 |
| CMS | £50,000 | £55,000 | £120,000 |
| Cooley | £55,000 | £60,000 | £157,000 |
| Davis Polk | £65,000 | £70,000 | £170,000 |
| Debevoise | £55,000 | £60,000 | £173,000 |
| Dechert | £55,000 | £61,000 | £165,000 |
| Dentons | £50,000 | £54,000 | £100,000 |
| DLA Piper | £52,000 | £57,000 | £130,000 |
| Eversheds Sutherland | £46,000 | £50,000 | £110,000 |
| Farrer & Co | £47,000 | £49,000 | £88,000 |
| Fieldfisher | £48,500 | £52,000 | £95,000 |
| Freshfields | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Fried Frank | £55,000 | £60,000 | £175,000 |
| Gibson Dunn | £60,000 | £65,000 | £180,000 |
| Goodwin Procter | £55,000 | £60,000 | £175,000 |
| Gowling WLG | £48,500 | £53,500 | £98,000 |
| Herbert Smith Freehills Kramer | £56,000 | £61,000 | £135,000 |
| HFW | £50,000 | £54,000 | £103,500 |
| Hill Dickinson | £43,000 | £45,000 | £80,000 |
| Hogan Lovells | £56,000 | £61,000 | £140,000 |
| Irwin Mitchell | £43,000 | £45,000 | £76,000 |
| Jones Day | £56,000 | £65,000 | £160,000 |
| K&L Gates | £50,000 | £55,000 | £115,000 |
| Kennedys | £43,000 | £46,000 | £85,000 |
| King & Spalding | £55,000 | £60,000 | £165,000 |
| Kirkland & Ellis | £60,000 | £65,000 | £174,418 |
| Latham & Watkins | £60,000 | £65,000 | £174,418 |
| Linklaters | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Macfarlanes | £56,000 | £61,000 | £140,000 |
| Mayer Brown | £55,000 | £60,000 | £135,000 |
| McDermott Will & Emery | £65,000 | £70,000 | £174,418 |
| Milbank | £65,000 | £70,000 | £174,418 |
| Mills & Reeve | £45,000 | £47,000 | £82,000 |
| Mischon de Reya | £47,500 | £52,500 | £95,000 |
| Norton Rose Fulbright | £50,000 | £55,000 | £135,000 |
| Orrick | £55,000 | £60,000 | £160,000 |
| Osborne Clarke | £54,500 | £56,000 | £94,000 |
| Paul Hastings | £60,000 | £68,000 | £173,000 |
| Paul Weiss | £55,000 | £60,000 | £180,000 |
| Penningtons Manches Cooper | £48,000 | £50,000 | £83,000 |
| Pinsent Masons | £49,500 | £54,000 | £105,000 |
| Quinn Emanuel | n/a | n/a | £180,000 |
| Reed Smith | £50,000 | £55,000 | £125,000 |
| Ropes & Gray | £60,000 | £65,000 | £165,000 |
| RPC | £46,000 | £50,000 | £90,000 |
| Shoosmiths | £43,000 | £45,000 | £97,000 |
| Sidley Austin | £60,000 | £65,000 | £175,000 |
| Simmons & Simmons | £52,000 | £57,000 | £120,000 |
| Skadden | £58,000 | £63,000 | £173,000 |
| Slaughter and May | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Squire Patton Boggs | £47,000 | £50,000 | £110,000 |
| Stephenson Harwood | £50,000 | £55,000 | £100,000 |
| Sullivan & Cromwell | £65,000 | £70,000 | £174,418 |
| Taylor Wessing | £50,000 | £55,000 | £115,000 |
| TLT | £44,000 | £47,500 | £85,000 |
| Travers Smith | £54,000 | £59,000 | £120,000 |
| Trowers & Hamlins | £45,000 | £49,000 | £80,000 |
| Vinson & Elkins | £60,000 | £65,000 | £173,077 |
| Watson Farley & Williams | £50,000 | £55,000 | £102,000 |
| Weightmans | £34,000 | £36,000 | £70,000 |
| Weil Gotshal & Manges | £60,000 | £65,000 | £170,000 |
| White & Case | £62,000 | £67,000 | £175,000 |
| Willkie Farr & Gallagher | £60,000 | £65,000 | £170,000 |
| Withers | £47,000 | £52,000 | £95,000 |
| Womble Bond Dickinson | £43,000 | £45,000 | £80,000 |
Rank | Law Firm | Revenue | Profit per Equity Partner (PEP) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DLA Piper* | £3,010,000,000 | £2,400,000 |
| 2 | Clifford Chance | £2,300,000,000 | £2,040,000 |
| 3 | A&O Shearman | £2,200,000,000 | £2,200,000 |
| 4 | Hogan Lovells | £2,150,000,000 | £2,200,000 |
| 5 | Freshfields | £2,120,000,000 | Not disclosed |
| 6 | Linklaters | £2,100,000,000 | £1,900,000 |
| 7 | Norton Rose Fulbright* | £1,800,000,000 | £1,100,000 |
| 8 | CMS** | £1,620,000,000 | Not disclosed |
| 9 | Herbert Smith Freehills | £1,300,000,000 | £1,300,000 |
| 10 | Ashurst | £961,000,000 | £1,300,000 |
| 11 | Clyde & Co | £844,000,000 | £739,000 |
| 12 | Eversheds Sutherland | £749,000,000 | £1,300,000 |
| 13 | BCLP* | £661,000,000 | £748,000 |
| 14 | Pinsent Masons | £649,000,000 | £793,000 |
| 15 | Slaughter and May*** | £625,000,000 | Not disclosed |
| 16 | Simmons & Simmons | £574,000,000 | £1,076,000 |
| 17 | Bird & Bird** | £545,000,000 | £696,000 |
| 18 | Addleshaw Goddard | £495,000,000 | Not disclosed |
| 19 | Taylor Wessing | £480,000,000 | £915,000*** |
| 20 | Osborne Clarke** | £456,000,000 | £771,000 |
| 21 | Womble Bond Dickinson | £448,000,000 | £556,000 |
| 22 | DWF | £435,000,000 | Not disclosed |
| 23 | Fieldfisher | £407,000,000 | £966,000 |
| 24 | Kennedys | £384,000,000 | Not disclosed |
| 25 | DAC Beachcroft | £325,000,000 | £700,000 |
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For a closer look at the day-to-day of some of the most common types of lawyers working in corporate law firms, explore our lawyer job profiles:
What he wants from law firms
Figma works with a tight group of external firms - Fieldfisher for data protection and tech in EMEA, with a more varied roster across APAC. The priority, he says, is fewer firms with deeper product knowledge.
"Ideally, I prefer to always have minimal amounts of firms that we’ve got on our books", he says. "The benefit of having a single adviser in EMEA is that we don’t have to [re-explain the product]… Fieldfisher know our risk tolerance and what’s important to us."
So what separates a good firm from a great one?
"It’s the ability to understand the product", he says. "To go above and beyond - know that it’s not just SaaS, but a particular type of SaaS." Legal knowledge isn’t enough: "Tech is running faster than regulation… if they know tech, then they’re going to be able to get the law right for us, hopefully."
Keen is also - perhaps surprisingly - not much fussed by AI hype in law firms. "I don’t really care what [AI] they’re using… I don’t want to be given an AI product that hasn’t had any human review." What he does care about is knowledge: "Do they know what an LLM is? Do they understand the biases behind it? The IP risks?"
Tech is running faster than regulation… if they know tech, then they’re going to be able to get the law right for us.
Navigating the European regulatory wave
"Technology in the EU should be seen as a regulated sector in the same way that financial services or medical services were previously", Keen says. "We’re in the middle of an unprecedented wave of digital regulation in Europe."
For a company like Figma, which started as a UX design tool and now has broader ambitions, that’s a major operational challenge. "Even a product like ours still has to comply with the vast majority of [new EU laws]."
Keen’s view is that the compliance burden falls heaviest on mid-market tech firms. Caught between startups willing to take risks and giants that can absorb the fines, it’s the fast-scaling companies that can get squeezed.
While he sees the intent of many regulations as "ethically sound", he thinks there is room for more clarity and consistency: "There’s a lot of consolidation that could help companies navigate that regulatory maze a lot more easily."
The legal tech stack
Within his team, Keen believes AI can improve efficiency, but believes the more immediate disruption will hit private practice, where low-value, repeatable work and the billable hour still underpin the business model. In contrast, most in-house teams are already lean by design. "What it [AI] does is allow a smaller team to produce more", he says.
Where AI does matter in-house is as a lever for building smarter processes. "I want [lawyers] to be able to build things… I think being a good and successful in-house lawyer is as much about building processes, building resources, thinking of legal as a product in itself", he says. "And AI can make that more effective."
Hiring, judgement and the private practice trap
For private practice lawyers dreaming of tech GC roles, Keen offers some advice: "Don’t hang around. There’s a golden window, I’d say, of about three years to six years PQE where you can make that jump."
He’s seen peers stay too long in law firms, trapped by lifestyle inflation and compensation expectations. "If I’d left it any longer, it would have been very, very hard", he admits. The in-house world requires not just legal skills, but commercial awareness and product understanding, credibility that’s hard to prove from a private practice-only background.
What does he look for in a hire?
"Judgement", he says, without hesitation. "Because you’re going to be faced with situations where you can’t rely on precedent… The really good lawyers are okay in that kind of novel environment."
He also values emotional intelligence and humility. "You are not the superstar", he says of the in-house lawyer. "It’s the engineering team, the product team. You need to be humble in those conversations and willing to learn."
Don’t hang around if you want to go in-house. There’s a golden window of about three years to six years PQE where you can make that jump.
Looking ahead
Keen is energised by the pace at Figma, though he’s honest about the pressure too. "You always think you don’t want to work as hard until you don’t have that", he laughs. "The buzz and the adrenaline of doing things that normally take companies two or three years in six months is very addictive."
As for what’s next?
"Longer term… it’s hard to become a GC or CLO at a US-based company as a non-US qualified lawyer", he admits. Options include joining a European scale-up or moving into a GC-in-residence role to advise other startups.
But for now, Figma is more than enough.
"I’m getting experiences I wouldn’t get at any other company", he says. "There’s plenty to keep me very interested in."
| Firm | London office since | Known for in London |
|---|---|---|
| Baker McKenzie | 1961 | Finance, capital markets, TMT |
| Davis Polk | 1972 | Leveraged finance, corporate/M&A |
| Gibson Dunn | 1979 | Private equity, arbitration, energy, resources and infrastructure |
| Goodwin | 2008 | Private equity, funds, life sciences |
| Kirkland & Ellis | 1994 | Private equity, funds, restructuring |
| Latham & Watkins | 1990 | Finance, private equity, capital markets |
| Milbank | 1979 | Finance, capital markets, energy, resources and infrastructure |
| Paul Hastings | 1997 | Leveraged finance, structured finance, infrastructure |
| Paul Weiss | 2001 | Private equity, leveraged finance |
| Quinn Emanuel | 2008 | Litigation |
| Sidley Austin | 1974 | Leveraged finance, capital markets, corporate/M&A |
| Simpson Thacher | 1978 | Leveraged finance, private equity, funds |
| Skadden | 1988 | Finance, corporate/M&A, arbitration |
| Weil | 1996 | Restructuring, private equity, leverage finance |
| White & Case | 1971 | Capital markets, arbitration, energy, resources and infrastructure |
| Law firm | Type | First-year salary |
|---|---|---|
| White & Case | US firm | £32,000 |
| Stephenson Harwood | International | £30,000 |
| A&O Shearman | Magic Circle | £28,000 |
| Charles Russell Speechlys | International | £28,000 |
| Freshfields | Magic Circle | £28,000 |
| Herbert Smith Freehills | Silver Circle | £28,000 |
| Hogan Lovells | International | £28,000 |
| Linklaters | Magic Circle | £28,000 |
| Mishcon de Reya | International | £28,000 |
| Norton Rose Fulbright | International | £28,000 |
This is a condensed version of our full length interview with Jonathan Keen on The Non-Billable Podcast. View the episode page here.
Law Firm | Trainee First Year | Trainee Second Year | Newly Qualified (NQ) |
|---|---|---|---|
| A&O Shearman | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Clifford Chance | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Linklaters | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Slaughter and May | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
Law Firm | Trainee First Year | Trainee Second Year | Newly Qualified (NQ) |
|---|---|---|---|
| A&O Shearman | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Clifford Chance | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Linklaters | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
| Slaughter and May | £56,000 | £61,000 | £150,000 |
Law Firm | Trainee First Year | Trainee Second Year | Newly Qualified (NQ) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ashurst | £57,000 | £62,000 | £140,000 |
| Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner | £50,000 | £55,000 | £115,000 |
| Herbert Smith Freehills | £56,000 | £61,000 | £135,000 |
| Macfarlanes | £56,000 | £61,000 | £140,000 |
| Travers Smith | £54,000 | £59,000 | £120,000 |
| Firm | Merger year | Known for in London |
|---|---|---|
| BCLP | 2018 | Real estate, corporate/M&A, litigation |
| DLA Piper | 2005 | Corporate/M&A, real estate, energy, resources and infrastructure |
| Eversheds Sutherland | 2017 | Corporate/M&A, finance |
| Hogan Lovells | 2011 | Litigation, regulation, finance |
| Mayer Brown | 2002 | Finance, capital markets, real estate |
| Norton Rose Fulbright | 2013 | Energy, resources and infrastructure, insurance, finance |
| Reed Smith | 2007 | Shipping, finance, TMT |
| Squire Patton Boggs | 2011 | Corporate/M&A, pensions, TMT |
Law Firm | Trainee First Year | Trainee Second Year | Newly Qualified (NQ) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ashurst | £57,000 | £62,000 | £140,000 |
| Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner | £50,000 | £55,000 | £115,000 |
| Herbert Smith Freehills Kramer | £56,000 | £61,000 | £135,000 |
| Macfarlanes | £56,000 | £61,000 | £140,000 |
| Travers Smith | £54,000 | £59,000 | £120,000 |
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